java.net
Class HttpURLConnection

java.lang.Object
  |
  +--java.net.URLConnection
        |
        +--java.net.HttpURLConnection

public abstract class HttpURLConnection

extends URLConnection

Untamed: A URLConnection with support for HTTP-specific features. See the spec for details.

Each HttpURLConnection instance is used to make a single request but the underlying network connection to the HTTP server may be transparently shared by other instances. Calling the close() methods on the InputStream or OutputStream of an HttpURLConnection after a request may free network resources associated with this instance but has no effect on any shared persistent connection. Calling the disconnect() method may close the underlying socket if a persistent connection is otherwise idle at that time.

Since:

JDK1.1

See Also:

java.net.HttpURLConnection#disconnect()

Field Summary

private static boolean	followRedirects
static int	HTTP_ACCEPTED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 202: Accepted.
static int	HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 502: Bad Gateway.
static int	HTTP_BAD_METHOD Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 405: Method Not Allowed.
static int	HTTP_BAD_REQUEST Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 400: Bad Request.
static int	HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 408: Request Time-Out.
static int	HTTP_CONFLICT Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 409: Conflict.
static int	HTTP_CREATED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 201: Created.
static int	HTTP_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 413: Request Entity Too Large.
static int	HTTP_FORBIDDEN Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 403: Forbidden.
static int	HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 504: Gateway Timeout.
static int	HTTP_GONE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 410: Gone.
static int	HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 500: Internal Server Error.
static int	HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 411: Length Required.
static int	HTTP_MOVED_PERM Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 301: Moved Permanently.
static int	HTTP_MOVED_TEMP Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 302: Temporary Redirect.
static int	HTTP_MULT_CHOICE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 300: Multiple Choices.
static int	HTTP_NO_CONTENT Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 204: No Content.
static int	HTTP_NOT_ACCEPTABLE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 406: Not Acceptable.
static int	HTTP_NOT_AUTHORITATIVE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 203: Non-Authoritative Information.
static int	HTTP_NOT_FOUND Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 404: Not Found.
static int	HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 501: Not Implemented.
static int	HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 304: Not Modified.
static int	HTTP_OK Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 200: OK.
static int	HTTP_PARTIAL Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 206: Partial Content.
static int	HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 402: Payment Required.
static int	HTTP_PRECON_FAILED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 412: Precondition Failed.
static int	HTTP_PROXY_AUTH Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 407: Proxy Authentication Required.
static int	HTTP_REQ_TOO_LONG Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 414: Request-URI Too Large.
static int	HTTP_RESET Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 205: Reset Content.
static int	HTTP_SEE_OTHER Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 303: See Other.
static int	HTTP_SERVER_ERROR Deprecated. it is misplaced and shouldn't have existed.
static int	HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 401: Unauthorized.
static int	HTTP_UNAVAILABLE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 503: Service Unavailable.
static int	HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 415: Unsupported Media Type.
static int	HTTP_USE_PROXY Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 305: Use Proxy.
static int	HTTP_VERSION Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 505: HTTP Version Not Supported.
protected boolean	instanceFollowRedirects If true, the protocol will automatically follow redirects.
protected String	method The HTTP method (GET,POST,PUT,etc.).
private static String[]	methods
protected int	responseCode An int representing the three digit HTTP Status-Code.
protected String	responseMessage The HTTP response message.

Fields inherited from class java.net.URLConnection

allowUserInteraction, connected, doInput, doOutput, factory, ifModifiedSince, url, useCaches

Constructor Summary

protected

HttpURLConnection(URL u) Constructor for the HttpURLConnection.

Method Summary

abstract void	disconnect() Enabled: Indicates that other requests to the server are unlikely in the near future.
InputStream	getErrorStream() Enabled: Returns the error stream if the connection failed but the server sent useful data nonetheless.
static boolean	getFollowRedirects() Enabled: Returns a boolean indicating whether or not HTTP redirects (3xx) should be automatically followed.
long	getHeaderFieldDate(String name, long Default) Enabled:
boolean	getInstanceFollowRedirects() Enabled: Returns the value of this HttpURLConnection's instanceFollowRedirects field.
Permission	getPermission() Enabled:
String	getRequestMethod() Enabled: Get the request method.
int	getResponseCode() Enabled: Gets the status code from an HTTP response message.
String	getResponseMessage() Enabled: Gets the HTTP response message, if any, returned along with the response code from a server.
static void	setFollowRedirects(boolean set) Enabled: Sets whether HTTP redirects (requests with response code 3xx) should be automatically followed by this class.
void	setInstanceFollowRedirects(boolean followRedirects) Enabled: Sets whether HTTP redirects (requests with response code 3xx) should be automatically followed by this HttpURLConnection instance.
void	setRequestMethod(String method) Enabled: Set the method for the URL request, one of: GET POST HEAD OPTIONS PUT DELETE TRACE are legal, subject to protocol restrictions.
abstract boolean	usingProxy() Enabled: Indicates if the connection is going through a proxy.

Methods inherited from class java.net.URLConnection

addRequestProperty, connect, getAllowUserInteraction, getContent, getContent, getContentEncoding, getContentHandler, getContentLength, getContentType, getDate, getDefaultAllowUserInteraction, getDefaultRequestProperty, getDefaultUseCaches, getDoInput, getDoOutput, getExpiration, getFileNameMap, getHeaderField, getHeaderField, getHeaderFieldInt, getHeaderFieldKey, getHeaderFields, getIfModifiedSince, getInputStream, getLastModified, getOutputStream, getRequestProperties, getRequestProperty, getURL, getUseCaches, guessContentTypeFromName, guessContentTypeFromStream, setAllowUserInteraction, setContentHandlerFactory, setDefaultAllowUserInteraction, setDefaultRequestProperty, setDefaultUseCaches, setDoInput, setDoOutput, setFileNameMap, setIfModifiedSince, setRequestProperty, setUseCaches, toString

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

method

protected String method

The HTTP method (GET,POST,PUT,etc.).

responseCode

protected int responseCode

An int representing the three digit HTTP Status-Code.

• 1xx: Informational
• 2xx: Success
• 3xx: Redirection
• 4xx: Client Error
• 5xx: Server Error

responseMessage

protected String responseMessage

The HTTP response message.

followRedirects

private static boolean followRedirects

instanceFollowRedirects

protected boolean instanceFollowRedirects

If true, the protocol will automatically follow redirects. If false, the protocol will not automatically follow redirects.

This field is set by the setInstanceFollowRedirects method. Its value is returned by the getInstanceFollowRedirects method.

Its default value is based on the value of the static followRedirects at HttpURLConnection construction time.

See Also:

java.net.HttpURLConnection#setInstanceFollowRedirects(boolean), java.net.HttpURLConnection#getInstanceFollowRedirects(), java.net.HttpURLConnection#setFollowRedirects(boolean)

methods

private static final String[] methods

HTTP_OK

public static final int HTTP_OK

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 200: OK.

HTTP_CREATED

public static final int HTTP_CREATED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 201: Created.

HTTP_ACCEPTED

public static final int HTTP_ACCEPTED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 202: Accepted.

HTTP_NOT_AUTHORITATIVE

public static final int HTTP_NOT_AUTHORITATIVE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 203: Non-Authoritative Information.

HTTP_NO_CONTENT

public static final int HTTP_NO_CONTENT

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 204: No Content.

HTTP_RESET

public static final int HTTP_RESET

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 205: Reset Content.

HTTP_PARTIAL

public static final int HTTP_PARTIAL

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 206: Partial Content.

HTTP_MULT_CHOICE

public static final int HTTP_MULT_CHOICE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 300: Multiple Choices.

HTTP_MOVED_PERM

public static final int HTTP_MOVED_PERM

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 301: Moved Permanently.

HTTP_MOVED_TEMP

public static final int HTTP_MOVED_TEMP

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 302: Temporary Redirect.

HTTP_SEE_OTHER

public static final int HTTP_SEE_OTHER

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 303: See Other.

HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED

public static final int HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 304: Not Modified.

HTTP_USE_PROXY

public static final int HTTP_USE_PROXY

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 305: Use Proxy.

HTTP_BAD_REQUEST

public static final int HTTP_BAD_REQUEST

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 400: Bad Request.

HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED

public static final int HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 401: Unauthorized.

HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED

public static final int HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 402: Payment Required.

HTTP_FORBIDDEN

public static final int HTTP_FORBIDDEN

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 403: Forbidden.

HTTP_NOT_FOUND

public static final int HTTP_NOT_FOUND

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 404: Not Found.

HTTP_BAD_METHOD

public static final int HTTP_BAD_METHOD

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 405: Method Not Allowed.

HTTP_NOT_ACCEPTABLE

public static final int HTTP_NOT_ACCEPTABLE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 406: Not Acceptable.

HTTP_PROXY_AUTH

public static final int HTTP_PROXY_AUTH

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 407: Proxy Authentication Required.

HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT

public static final int HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 408: Request Time-Out.

HTTP_CONFLICT

public static final int HTTP_CONFLICT

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 409: Conflict.

HTTP_GONE

public static final int HTTP_GONE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 410: Gone.

HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED

public static final int HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 411: Length Required.

HTTP_PRECON_FAILED

public static final int HTTP_PRECON_FAILED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 412: Precondition Failed.

HTTP_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE

public static final int HTTP_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 413: Request Entity Too Large.

HTTP_REQ_TOO_LONG

public static final int HTTP_REQ_TOO_LONG

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 414: Request-URI Too Large.

HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE

public static final int HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 415: Unsupported Media Type.

HTTP_SERVER_ERROR

public static final int HTTP_SERVER_ERROR

Deprecated. it is misplaced and shouldn't have existed.

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 500: Internal Server Error.

HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR

public static final int HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 500: Internal Server Error.

HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED

public static final int HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 501: Not Implemented.

HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY

public static final int HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 502: Bad Gateway.

HTTP_UNAVAILABLE

public static final int HTTP_UNAVAILABLE

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 503: Service Unavailable.

HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT

public static final int HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 504: Gateway Timeout.

HTTP_VERSION

public static final int HTTP_VERSION

Enabled: HTTP Status-Code 505: HTTP Version Not Supported.

Constructor Detail

HttpURLConnection

protected HttpURLConnection(URL u)

Constructor for the HttpURLConnection.

Parameters:

u - the URL

Method Detail

setFollowRedirects

public static void setFollowRedirects(boolean set)

Enabled: Sets whether HTTP redirects (requests with response code 3xx) should be automatically followed by this class. True by default. Applets cannot change this variable.

If there is a security manager, this method first calls the security manager's checkSetFactory method to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

set - a boolean indicating whether or not to follow HTTP redirects.

See Also:

SecurityManager.checkSetFactory(), getFollowRedirects()

getFollowRedirects

public static boolean getFollowRedirects()

Enabled: Returns a boolean indicating whether or not HTTP redirects (3xx) should be automatically followed.

Returns:

true if HTTP redirects should be automatically followed, false if not.

See Also:

setFollowRedirects(boolean)

setInstanceFollowRedirects

public void setInstanceFollowRedirects(boolean followRedirects)

Enabled: Sets whether HTTP redirects (requests with response code 3xx) should be automatically followed by this HttpURLConnection instance.

The default value comes from followRedirects, which defaults to true.

Parameters:

followRedirects - a boolean indicating whether or not to follow HTTP redirects.

See Also:

java.net.HttpURLConnection#instanceFollowRedirects, getInstanceFollowRedirects()

getInstanceFollowRedirects

public boolean getInstanceFollowRedirects()

Enabled: Returns the value of this HttpURLConnection's instanceFollowRedirects field.

Returns:

the value of this HttpURLConnection's instanceFollowRedirects field.

See Also:

java.net.HttpURLConnection#instanceFollowRedirects, setInstanceFollowRedirects(boolean)

setRequestMethod

public void setRequestMethod(String method)
                      throws ProtocolException

Enabled: Set the method for the URL request, one of:

• GET
• POST
• HEAD
• OPTIONS
• PUT
• DELETE
• TRACE

are legal, subject to protocol restrictions. The default method is GET.

Parameters:

method - the HTTP method

ProtocolException

See Also:

getRequestMethod()

getRequestMethod

public String getRequestMethod()

Enabled: Get the request method.

Returns:

the HTTP request method

See Also:

setRequestMethod(java.lang.String)

getResponseCode

public int getResponseCode()
                    throws IOException

Enabled: Gets the status code from an HTTP response message. For example, in the case of the following status lines:

 HTTP/1.0 200 OK
 HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized
 

It will return 200 and 401 respectively. Returns -1 if no code can be discerned from the response (i.e., the response is not valid HTTP).

Returns:

the HTTP Status-Code, or -1

Throws:

IOException - if an error occurred connecting to the server.

getResponseMessage

public String getResponseMessage()
                          throws IOException

Enabled: Gets the HTTP response message, if any, returned along with the response code from a server. From responses like:

 HTTP/1.0 200 OK
 HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found
 

Extracts the Strings "OK" and "Not Found" respectively. Returns null if none could be discerned from the responses (the result was not valid HTTP).

Returns:

the HTTP response message, or null

Throws:

IOException - if an error occurred connecting to the server.

getHeaderFieldDate

public long getHeaderFieldDate(String name,
                               long Default)

Enabled:

Overrides:

getHeaderFieldDate in class URLConnection

Parameters:

name - the name of the header field.

Default - a default value.

Returns:

the value of the field, parsed as a date. The value of the Default argument is returned if the field is missing or malformed.

disconnect

public abstract void disconnect()

Enabled: Indicates that other requests to the server are unlikely in the near future. Calling disconnect() should not imply that this HttpURLConnection instance can be reused for other requests.

usingProxy

public abstract boolean usingProxy()

Enabled: Indicates if the connection is going through a proxy.

Returns:

a boolean indicating if the connection is using a proxy.

getPermission

public Permission getPermission()
                         throws IOException

Enabled:

Overrides:

getPermission in class URLConnection

Returns:

the permission object representing the permission necessary to make the connection represented by this URLConnection.

IOException

getErrorStream

public InputStream getErrorStream()

Enabled: Returns the error stream if the connection failed but the server sent useful data nonetheless. The typical example is when an HTTP server responds with a 404, which will cause a FileNotFoundException to be thrown in connect, but the server sent an HTML help page with suggestions as to what to do.

This method will not cause a connection to be initiated. If the connection was not connected, or if the server did not have an error while connecting or if the server had an error but no error data was sent, this method will return null. This is the default.

Returns:

an error stream if any, null if there have been no errors, the connection is not connected or the server sent no useful data.